During tunneling and construction, many geological disasters such as water gushing, landslides and rock bursts may be encountered, which have a significant impact on tunneling construction. Therefore, reducing and preventing geological disasters in tunneling and construction has become a very important task. So, what scientific and technological methods can help reduce geological disasters in tunneling and construction?
With the development of science and technology, many new technologies have been applied to tunnel construction to help reduce the occurrence and impact of geological disasters. Here are some key new technologies:
1. 3D geological modeling: Using high-precision geological exploration data and advanced software, a 3D geological model of the tunnel route can be created. This helps engineers more accurately predict the geological problems that may be encountered in tunnel construction, so as to plan and design corresponding countermeasures in advance.
2. Remote sensing technology: Through remote sensing technologies such as satellite images and drone aerial photography, a large-scale geological environment along the tunnel can be quickly assessed to identify potential geological risk areas.
3. Geological radar and seismic exploration: These non-destructive detection technologies can be used to detect geological structures in front of and around the tunnel, including faults, cavities, aquifers, etc., to provide real-time information for construction.
4. Automated and intelligent construction equipment: such as automated tunnel boring machines (TBMs) and unmanned transport vehicles, which can improve construction efficiency and safety and reduce disasters caused by human operating errors.
5. Real-time monitoring system: including laser scanning, inclinometers, stress gauges, vibration sensors and other monitoring equipment, which can monitor the deformation, stress state and hydrological conditions of the tunnel surrounding rock in real time, and timely detect potential signs of geological disasters.
6. Numerical simulation and emulation: using numerical simulation techniques such as finite element analysis (FEA) and discrete element method (DEM), the geological response during tunnel construction can be simulated on the computer, and the effects of various construction schemes can be predicted and evaluated.
7. Application of new materials: new high-performance concrete, fiber-reinforced composite materials, etc. can improve the durability and disaster resistance of tunnel support structures.
By comprehensively applying these new technologies, the safety of tunnel construction can be significantly improved, the occurrence of geological disasters can be reduced, and it can also help improve construction efficiency and reduce costs.