How to prevent tunnel collapse? Preventing tunnel collapse is an important task in tunnel engineering. It is necessary to start from multiple aspects such as design, construction, material selection, and site management, and implement strict preventive measures to ensure the safety of tunnel construction and operation. The following are some effective measures to prevent tunnel collapse:

　　1. Detailed investigation of geological conditions: Before tunnel construction, conduct a comprehensive geological survey to understand the geological structure, stratum distribution, groundwater conditions, etc., to provide accurate data support for tunnel design and construction.

　　2. Scientific and reasonable design: According to geological conditions and engineering requirements, adopt advanced design concepts and calculation methods to ensure that the tunnel structure has sufficient safety reserves and resistance.

　　3. Choose a suitable construction method: Choose a suitable construction method according to geological conditions, such as shield method, TBM (tunnel boring machine) method, traditional excavation method, etc., and take corresponding support measures.

　　4. Strengthen the design of support structure: According to the geological conditions, design a reasonable support structure, such as steel support, arch frame, shotcrete, etc., to ensure the stability of the tunnel during construction and operation.

　　5. Strictly control the construction quality: Establish a complete quality management system, strictly control every link in the construction process, and ensure that the materials, equipment and processes used meet the requirements of the specifications.

　　6. Strengthen on-site management: Establish an effective on-site management system, strengthen the training and management of construction personnel, ensure the safety and order of the construction site, and prevent man-made accidents.

　　7. Implement real-time monitoring: Install advanced monitoring equipment to monitor the displacement, stress, seepage and other key parameters of the tunnel in real time, timely discover potential dangerous factors, and take corresponding treatment measures.

　　8. Timely deal with hidden dangers: Take timely measures to deal with cracks, seepage, deformation of support structures and other problems that occur during the construction process to prevent the expansion of problems and collapse.

　　9. Regular maintenance and inspection: Carry out regular maintenance and inspection of the built tunnels, timely discover and repair problems that may affect the safety of the tunnels, and extend the service life of the tunnels.

　　Through the comprehensive use of the above measures, the risk of tunnel collapse can be greatly reduced, and the safe construction and smooth operation of tunnel projects can be guaranteed.